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E. 1 EEDI – what is it? EEDI stands for Energy Efficiency Design Index. In July 2011, the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) adopted mandatory measures to reduce Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from international shipping through amendments to MARPOL Annex VI Regulations. These amendments include application of the EEDI for new ships which will require new ships to meet a minimum level of energy efficiency.
The EEDI measures the CO2 emitted (grams of CO2 per tonne nautical mile) for new ships, calculated from ship design and engine performance data. The intended application of the EEDI is to stimulate innovation and technical development of all elements influencing the energy efficiency of a ship from its design phase. E. 2. EVDI™ – what is it? EVDI™ stands for Existing Vessel Design Index and was developed by RightShip. The EVDI™ is the core measure used to calculate the RightShip GHG Emissions Rating and is comparable across all vessels in RightShip’s Ship Vetting Information System (SVIS™) database.
Similar to the IMO MEPC’s EEDI, RightShip’s EVDI™ measures a ship’s CO2 emissions, however unlike the EEDI that is applied only to new ships the EVDI™ is designed for application with existing ships.
A comprehensive explanation of RightShip’s methodology is accessible here E. 3. GHG Emissions Rating – what is it? The GHG Emissions Rating is an innovative measure developed by RightShip that allows comparison of a ship’s CO2 emissions relative to peer vessels of a similar size and type using a simple A - G scale. The most efficient vessels rated A, the least efficient rated G.
Ship types are largely consistent with those used by IMO MEPC.
A comprehensive explanation of RightShip’s methodology is accessible here E. 4. Why have RightShip developed the GHG Emissions Rating? Shipping impacts the environment through emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) - primarily carbon dioxide (CO2) - and pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx) and unburnt hydrocarbon particulate matter (PM). Whilst transporting goods by sea represents the most efficient means of moving cargo over long distances, air pollution from the shipping sector still represents a significant component of total emissions - estimated at 1,046 million tonnes of CO2 in 2007 (some 3.3% of the global total). – which if unabated according to the IMO’s GHG Study (2009) could contribute 18% of all emissions by 2050. This GHG breakdown does not divide into all ships equally and considerations such as ship size, fuel type and engine performance as well as advances in maritime technology mean that some ships are simply more efficient than others. Recognising that vessel specific sustainability information is dispersed and costly to obtain and coordinate in a systematic manner, RightShip created its GHG Emissions Rating to make it easy for our customers to consider sustainability within their selection processes. E. 5. What are the benefits of the GHG Emissions Rating? The benefits of RightShip’s GHG Emissions Rating include:
Users will also be able to benchmark the ship they are viewing against others in its sub-class, for example: comparing vessel-specific statistics with the performance of vessels with a similar dwt in the system. E. 6. EVDI™ Size Score – what is it? The EVDI™ Size Score is the measure used to decide a vessel’s GHG Emissions Rating.
The EVDI™ Size Score is calculated after applying a logarithmic transformation to EVDI™ values of vessels of similar size and type. This enables ship EVDI™ values to be compared accurately to the average and indicates the number of standard deviations a vessel varies from the average.
A comprehensive explanation of RightShip’s methodology is accessible here E. 7. Size and Type GHG Emissions Rating – what is it? The Size and Type GHG Emissions Rating considers the efficiency of a ship relative to other ships of the same type and similar size, and the efficiency of the vessel overall within the ship type. This is different to the EVDI™ Size Score that only considers ships of the same type and similar size.
A comprehensive explanation of RightShip’s methodology is accessible here E. 8. EEOI – what is it? EEOI stands for Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator and provides a measure of the mass of CO2 emitted per unit of transport work based on a vessel’s actual operational data. Unlike the EEDI and EVDI™, the EEOI will change depending on how the vessel is operated and what abatement measures the owners/managers have retrofitted.
RightShip plan to incorporate the EEOI at some point in the future and the SVIS™ database has been structured to enable easy comparison of EEOI & EVDI™ figures. E. 9. How does slow steaming impact the GHG Emissions Rating? Slow Steaming will not impact a vessel’s EVDI™ and consequently will not impact a vessel’s GHG Emissions Rating. The GHG Emissions Rating is calculated based only on a vessel’s design specifications and therefore is not impacted by the way the vessel is operated. RightShip adjoin a plus + Sign to a vessels GHG Emissions Rating to recognise the retrofit or upgrade. E. 10. Top Rated Peers – what is it? Top Rated Peers shows the 5 highest performing vessels as hyperlinks based on EVDI™ Size Scores for vessels of similar size and type. Clicking on one of these vessels provides a performance differential between the original vessel and the most efficient vessels of a similar size and type. E. 11. How are "like vessels" grouped in the GHG Emissions Rating? The vessels are grouped by ship type and compared to the closest 50, 100, or 200 vessels in that class by DWT, GT, TEU’s and cubic metres, depending on vessel type, in order to get a more representative rating. E. 12. Does your rating treat all vessels equally? The GHG Emissions Rating and the Size and Type GHG Emissions Rating are calculated in the same systematic manner for all vessels in the database. However please note: LNG and Passenger Vessels: The EEDI, as presently constructed, is not designed or intended for application to LNG and passenger vessels which have diesel-electric, turbine, and other non-conventional means of propulsion. It is anticipated that the IMO will develop refined parameters, formulas, and reference baselines for these ships in the near future. Accordingly, any attempted evaluation of this type of ship using the EVDI™ should be understood to be outside of the effective purpose of the index.
Ice Class Vessels: Ice-class vessels have design and structural features that increase their estimated EVDI™ relative to similarly-sized conventional vessels. Until suitable correction factors can be developed and applied, the EVDI™ for ice-class vessels is likely to overstate the actual CO2 output.
The separation of Gas and Chemical tankers: The EEDI currently combines the performance of Gas Tankers into a single reference line. Based on the bimodal distribution of the underlying data, RightShip believes a better statistical comparison can be achieved by analysing LNG and LPG Tankers separately. Chemical tankers are similarly considered separately from other Tankers (Crude & Products) to acknowledge different design characteristics.
E. 13. What is the reason why some sister ships have different ratings? A vessel’s EVDI™ value is based on many parameters, even if only one of these parameters differs between sister ships they could have a different EVDI™, which could then move them into a different rating bracket. The base data used in the rating calculation of an individual vessel is provided in SVIS™, so the source of differences between sister ships is able to be checked. E. 14. If decisions are made on the basis of the EEDI, will it drive owners to introduce smaller engines in big ships making them underpowered? RightShip is aware of the concerns expressed by industry around this issue and are committed to actively promoting a sustainable way forward which does not compromise vessel safety or result in under-powered ships. E. 15. If I know how far a vessel is travelling can I work out an exact footprint based on the information in your website? EVDI™ is an estimated measure of the CO2 emitted per tonne nautical mile travelled only and will not produce an exact CO2 footprint for a particular journey. Actual emissions for a voyage will vary from this theoretical calculation, as the fuel consumption and consequent emissions will vary with voyage characteristics such as actual speed, cargo load and weather conditions. RightShip plan to incorporate the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI), an indicator based on operational measures, including slow steaming, at some point in the future. E. 16. If the EEDI was designed for new vessels, can it be applied to existing ships? The DNV paper that initially proposed the EEDI to IMO’s MEPC suggested that from a technical perspective it is possible to retrospectively apply the EEDI to existing ships, and has now documented EEDI benchmarks and reference lines based on the existing fleet and historical data. RightShip has developed the EVDI™ to address the 60,000+ vessels currently in service, which annually contribute over 1 billion tonnes of CO2 to the atmosphere.
A comprehensive explanation of the applicability of EVDI™ to existing ships is accessible here
E. 17. RightShip’s GHG Emissions Rating seems to focus on Carbon Dioxide, what about other Greenhouse Gases? RightShip plan to incorporate metrics around a number of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx) and unburnt hydrocarbon particulate matter (PM) as well as real time performance measures such as the EEOI. E. 18. Can I rely on the information RightShip have? RightShip endeavours to only use accurate source data and our calculations are in accord with those accepted by the IMO for their application of the EEDI. Our approach largely utilises the same data set recognised by IMO MEPC in their establishment of an EEDI “reference line” for new ships. E. 19. Where does RightShip get its information from? EVDI™ values are calculated from data on ship characteristics and performance information accessible to RightShip. To date the primary sources of data have been existing data within SVIS™, IHS Fairplay (IHS) database, classification societies and owners data, and this will be supplanted by ship-sourced data as it becomes available. RightShip’s vessel owner community has also an opportunity to preview our information – prior to its beta release – and validate that the data we maintain on their vessels is accurate and up to date. As with our existing risk rating, RightShip welcome feedback on any missing/additional/inconsistent information directly through the SVIS™ portal or via environment@rightship.com E. 20. What is the Vessel Environmental rating? The RightShip Environmental Rating provides a comprehensive assessment of a vessel’s environmental and sustainability credentials. It is independent to RightShip’s Risk Rating, the GHG Emissions Rating and the EVDI™. The Environmental Rating was developed to complement these RightShip measures and to give users the capability of making a more holistic vessel selection. E. 21. How does the Vessel Environmental Rating page work? The Vessel Environmental Rating Display is divided in to two main components:
1) The Environmental Rating The environmental rating factors in a number of key parameters across a continuum from high to low risk and assigns each factor a “score” based on this assessment. This calculation is based on a 36-month rolling review of the vessel’s Yard, Flag and Class environmental performance along with the ship’s own MARPOL (Annex I – VI) violation history across our global PSC database. The score is also adjusted by whether the ship meets specific criteria, including:
These parameters are matrixed (instantaneously) and expressed on a 1 to 5 star rating scale. A vessel with 5 Environmental Stars can clearly demonstrate performance and behaviours are above compliance.
The environmental rating complements the existing RightShip risk ranking process but is entirely independent from our recommendation for Approval decision and Star Rating (risk) calculation.
2) The Green House Gas Emissions Display This Section provides a pictorial representation of each vessel’s relative environmental performance as compared to the normalised average for similar vessels (by MEPC ship type and size). This data is based on the ship’s EVDI™ which has been calculated initially using the IMO formulas then adjusted to produce an equivalent (and proprietary) logarithmically transformed value - which normalises the skewness in the underlying dataset - to allow more meaningful statistical comparisons. Currently we are able to calculate the EVDI™ for nearly 60,000 vessels which makes RightShip the largest repository of this information globally.
The environmental rating and the Green House Gas Emissions Display operate independently, but could be used in combination to determine sustainability standards. E. 22. How can I improve my environmental rating? The environmental rating can be improved by maintaining a clean PSC record and operating at levels above compliance. Specific initiatives which will impact a vessel’s environmental rating score include:
E. 23. How will retrofits impact the environmental rating? Retrofits and upgrades (such as scrubbers and counter rotating propellers) do not affect a vessels environmental rating. This information is captured as a matter of record to enable users of the system to see the additional measures Owners / Managers are taking to improve the vessel’s environmental performance. Once approved by a RightShip administrator, a plus "+" sign will be added to a vessels GHG Emissions Rating to recognise the retrofit or upgrade (ie "B+"). RightShip believe it is important to acknowledge and reward owners who have invested capital and whose systems operate above compliance. E. 24. What if information on my vessels is incorrect or missing? As with our existing Risk Rating, RightShip welcome feedback on any missing/additional/inconsistent information directly through the SVIS™ portal or via environment@rightship.com E. 25. What is the relationship between a vessel’s Environmental Rating and its Green House Gas Emissions performance? Presently these metrics are operated independently, but both could be used in combination to determine sustainability standards. E. 26. What is the relationship between the Existing RightShip risk rating and the RightShip Environmental Rating? The Environmental Rating complements the existing RightShip Risk Rating, however both are entirely independent of each other. E. 27. What is the relationship between the Carbon War Room’s www.shippingefficiency.org website and RightShip? Chaired by Sir Richard Branson, The Carbon War Room is a NGO which seeks to harness the power of entrepreneurs to implement market-driven solutions to climate change. RightShip is leading the charge in the campaign against carbon in the shipping transport sector– via the shipping efficiency website - and provides the backend support to this free initiative. Subscribers to the RightShip system are able to access an enhanced version of the metrics provided to the shipping efficiency website to better recognise behaviours and operations which are above compliance. Customer’s own vetting histories automatically capture a vessel’s environmental particulars to enable sustainability benchmarking performance and trending analytics to be calculated. For additional information please refer to http://www.carbonwarroom.com , http://www.shippingefficiency.org 
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